Today,One of the challenges ahead is the realization of sustainable universal global, regional, and local sustainable development is excessive consumption of water sources in agriculture section, which has threated the environmental and economic aspects of the farmers in Jiroft Plain. The current study is to survey and evaluate the effect of water scarcity on agriculture and horticulture of Jiroft plain. The study is descriptive-analytic and the methods used are quantitative and qualitative. Data collecting methods have been in forms of organizational statistics, questionnaire and field studies. Data analysis via the software Excel and SPSS, analysis of raw data obtained from questionnaire via the tests of sample t-test, Friedman and Pierson correlation, and the spatial changes partitioning of underground water via the software GIS are performed. The study population includes the farmers and experts of the city Jiroft and its body equals 320 farmers and 20 experts. The findings showed that regional factors have had the most effects on Jiroft water scarcity. The most significant consequence of water scarcity for the farmers is decrease in family income, and for the experts is increase in the expenditures of farmers in the local water distribution, and decrease in underground water quality. The correlation test results show no significant connection between rain variable with the planted area covered with agricultural and horticultural products. However, there is a direct and fairly strong relationship between the two variables of rain and garden products of the city. The most important approaches are using modern methods and planting low- consumption products.

 

Abstract:
Women play a major role in economic activity worldwide, but their economic activities in rural areas in developing countries and most importantly these communities has many forms. Iran is still not recognized the role of women in the development process and often is faced with many problems;The main objective of this study was to evaluate employment of rural women and its impact on socioeconomic status Brbrvdshrqy village in the district of the central city is Aligudarz. The purpose of this study is cross-sectional in nature. The theoretical study and library research, statistics, books and papers, urban designs were collected. The field data will be collected using a questionnaire, and by software SPSS, ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis will be also.Data analysis showed that the difference between the average level of social, economic and psychological comfort. Significant differences between social indicators and the indicators of mental relaxation there is a significant difference between the average economic indicators there.Results after Tukey and Scheffe test shows the difference between the villages of Gandomineh and makers, Gaygan and makers of significant economic indicators and the highest difference between 65/7 and 65/6 respectively are the villages. The results also suggest that Sultan Village makers with grass and nutmeg was not significant in economic indicators but with Gaygan village and Gandomineh significant difference. Psychological and social comfort index villages surveyed in a group classified. Accordingly, while this difference is not meaningful differences in rural and evaluated in terms of social and mental relaxation are pretty close. But in terms of economic indicators can be categorized in two groups surveyed villages. So that each of the five villages with different scores fall into one of two groups. Accordingly Gandomineh village that has the most points with Gaygan village is located in an independent group. The village of nutmeg, grass Sultan and makers in the other group.
 

<p>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;Agricultural and economic development, especially in rural areas, are in communication with each other. In this way, agricultural development is a necessary factor for economic development in rural areas. Among agricultural products, those of strategic regional are of great importance Rosa damascene mill as the area's dominant product, is cultivated in most rural areas of Kashan city. This study aims at observing the impact of cultivated Rosa damascene mill in socio-economic stability of rural communities. The purpose of research has been theoretically &amp;ndash; applied and in terms of the nature and method has been descriptive- analytical. The technique used in the study field is questionnaire, and 361 rural households and Damask rose grower and 20 experts were interviewed by the help of Cochran formula. Validity of the questionnaire was measured by considering the opinions of rural affair experts and professors and Cronbach's alpha with coefficient of % 87 was used to prove its reliability. Data analysis in this study has 2 parts, descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. Analysis was performed in SPSS software by using factor analysis model and single-sample T-test. The results derived from factorial analysis of two main aspects including social-economic sustainability, showed that the most effective impact of cultivating Rosa damascene mill was on economic aspects and women role in all phases of Rosa damascene mill growing and the highest measure of R was %808 and the highest impact of rose cultivating in social factors was on data gathering from experts because it showed the highest R %696. According to the results of T-test , from rural people and growers, cultivating of Rosa damascene mill causes women employment and tourism development. Although from experts' perspective it in some cases only leads to rural women's participation, their employment and development of the industry of tourism.&lt;/p&gt;</p>

 The aim of this study was investigate the role of agriculture in sustainable rural development in Bordekhun county and identify potentials and talents of local agricultural. The research method is descriptive - analytical and information was collected, according to the survey and library studies, And was used from SWOT model to identify strengths and weaknesses and the opportunities and threats and the binomial test to test the hypotheses. The population of the study is farmers and rural experts of studied area that Using Cochran Formula 235 farmer and 20 experts were selected as sample. Of the farmers questionnaires were returned 200 questionnaires . To determine the reliability of questionnaire was used from Cronbach's alpha coefficient that its value to farmers questionnaire is 0.77 and for experts questionnaire is 0.71. In this study has been used to EXEL and SPSS software for data analysis and GIS software to generate maps of geographical location. The results show that Bordekhun area has Agriculture and horticulture talent and agricultural will increases employment and income in the area. Planting vegetables especially tomato cultivation, has most effective in achieving sustainable rural development.

Rural sustainable development is development which can prepared Present needs for human. Without being ability environmental and biological future generations In Ensuring their needs to dangere . Agricultural activities and the use of agricultural inputs, from the trappings of rural development. In the modern sense, the development is beyond economic growth. rural district Sarabagh because of the many environmental capability and high power Soil and favorable climate for growing of most Products, production and the development gardens is suitable .The main objective this research, Assess the role of agriculture in sustainable rural development, rural district Sarabagh has been. In this research of three indicator. Economic social and environmental (bio) has been used. Research Methodology in this research Descriptive- analysis and Information gathering .In libraries and field. Data analysis of Software Gis. Excel and SPSS Has been used. The research population 4678 persons and 922 households Which randomly 314 has been selected. The results show that Agricultural activities an effective role in the development Social, economic and environmental villages in the region have . and achieving sustainable development. By flourishing. Agricultural is possible.

 Today, in all regions of the world, especially the Third World countries with accelerated growth of immigration is growing. Although migration itself positive behavior to meet human needs, but the negative consequences of irregular migration to urban migration has intensified and has disturbed the balance of social, economic in origin (village) and the destination (the city) is This study examines the causes and consequences of the country's rural-urban migration. This study is practical and theoretical descriptive and analytical in nature. First, in this study, demographic trends and migration Saal, 2005 to 2014 in 5 rural populated city center Bahmaei dealsThen, according to the researchers raised questions regarding the four indicators (hypothesis), listed on immigration assumptions effectiveness analysis and perspective to analyze data from the statistical model using SPSS software Fn¬Hay also excel software and statistical tests to analyze the results of the questionnaire were discussed. The results showed The facilities and natural resources have the greatest impact on immigration and then land reform and revolution have contributed to the migration process.

Abstract : Today the importance of the tourism industry is such an extent that became as the world's largest service industry and millions of tourists from across the world moving and they travel annually with various motives. Tourism needs to the entity of multiple facilities of social and infrastructural besides the natural and historical attractions. Ghaletol village is located in Baghmalek city and examine the the power and capabilities of rural tourism is the main issue of this thesis. This thesis is a theoretical – practical and in nature is descriptive - analytical. Data thesis were collected through the documentary, library, fieldwork and survey. The field study was conducted using a questionnaire and Likert method, the sample size is 365 people. Research hypotheses has been investigated by statistical analysis with spss software. These results suggest that Ghaletol village has many attractions tourism and natural attractions have a key role in the development of tourism and also there are the required infrastructures and services in the city

Construction of residential units in both around and within cities for the families without housing and low-income people without delivering the essential services and facilities can lead to many cultural and social problems. The aim of this research is to “study the social consequences of spatial – location segregation caused by housing project called Maskan Mehr in Omidiyeh city”. The present study typically is a theoretical- practical research and is a descriptive-analytical one in nature. The data was collected through library sources, documents, survey and interview with experts. The SPSS software (one-sample-t test, correlation coefficient, Chi-square) was used to analyze the data and ARCGIS as well as FAHP model employed to evaluate the spatial position of the Maskan Mehr housing project. The Likert measurement method was used to assess the data. The results showed that the residents of the Maskan Mehr housing are relatively poor people and an above average number of applicants for such houses are living in the cities. The inhabitants are treating lodging in these places as a social labeling. On the other hand, they have no satisfaction of residing in those houses. Also, there is a significant correlation between origin of place and degree of inhabitants’ satisfaction. The measurement of insecurity level and social anomie revealed that the satisfaction is lower than the average. The project spatially has a suitable position, so that at least 21 percent of the area (40860 km2) has a too low proportion and 50 percent of which (98 260 km2) has a too high proportion. Standardizing per land uses, giving priority to pro-poor policy and removing poverty culture and easy accessibility to employment agencies are those recommendations have been introduced to reduce the social abnormalities in the Omidiyeh’s Maskan Mehr project.

Today, almost throughout regions of the world, in particular those with strategic importance, growing of insecurity and offences are frequently concerning the people and regional planners. At the same time, unequally distributing of services and facilitates and disparity in the process of development are making this situation worse. This research aimed to analyze the effectiveness of development on regional security of Khuzestan province. It is a theoretical- practical research and is a descriptive-analytical in nature. In this study, the development and security situation was examined and analyzed for the years of 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. Given the research goal, it first deals with development situation in the Khuzestan’s cities based on development indexes and then gives a spatial analysis on crimes committed in the province and finally the effectiveness of development on security of the region is analyzed. Eight principal indexes and 104 sub-indexes were used for investigating the development level and 20 indicators of crime employed for security level. The Vikor, Electer, Topsis and integration technique ( means range, Berda and Kapland) and GIS and SPSS were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the development condition of the cities of the province in the above-mentioned years is very different from each other and the situation of the security is also different within the study years. The analyses conducted by Pearson correlation between development and security of the region in 2010 revealed that, with regard to negative correlation coefficient and significance of Sig, there is a negative correlation between two factors (development and security), it is meant that as the development increased the security decreases. However, as 2010, the correlation coefficient of the years of 2011, 2012 and 2013 is negative, but given that the Sig is higher than 0.05, the correlation in those three years is not significant. For example, the Andika town is not in good condition in different years in term of development, but the crime per quota in this town in various years, with regard to its low population compared to other cities, is low and it is relativity a safe town. With respect to the situation of the Khuzestan province in term of development and security it is recommended an interactive approach to the development and security because these two factors are complement to each other so that equilibrium is established between the two components.

 Agricultural activities and the use of agricultural inputs are some of the aspects of rural development. Development meaning attempt to improve lives has been always along with human history but today's development is beyond the concept of economic growth. The main objective of this study is the evaluation of the role of agriculture in sustainable development of rural villages Houmeh village of the central part of the city of Andimeshk. The present study is an applied study using descriptive –analytic methods. In order to analyze the data SWAT model and TOPSIS model has been used. The results of this study conducted by using SWAT model indicates that the power and capabilities of the environment for agricultural development has been more than constraints and bottlenecks and there is a direct relationship among the facilities and services of rural areas and agriculture development. And according to the results of TOPSIS model, villages studied in terms of the development of the agricultural part has been divided into three categories: developed, relatively developed and less developed in the way that the villages which have been ranked at first level are among developed village, and villages over than 0/20 and less than 1 are relatively developed villages and villages less than 0 /20 are located among less developed villages. Therefore, according to the results, it can be said that agricultural economy has an excellent role in the development of sustainable rural of Houmeh village of the central part of the city of Andimeshk.

 in the recent years, one of the most significant consequences of rapidly growing urbanization and physical development of cities in Iran is the collapse of public service distribution. Uneven distribution of services , facilities and decreased social justice or spatial justice, leave the urban management not just with so many problems in delivering urban service to the people, but threaten the security of cities' zones.
This research aims to investigate the effect of social justice (spatial justice) on urban security of Ahvaz city. For this purpose, three hypotheses were advanced in relation to social justice and urban security and their relationship to each other. It is a theoretical-practical research and was conducted by analytical- descriptive method. The data was gathered through library study as well as use of documents. The Topsis multi criteria model, Arc GIS and SPSS packages were used to analysis the data. The results showed that Ahvaz's zone 2 is a non-deprived area and the zone 6 is a deprived one. It is also revealed that the zone 2 the unsafest area and the zone 6 is the safest one. There is a direct and significant correlation between social justice and outbreak of crimes in the study areas

Rapid growth” of cities has made numerous problems to most countries. Not only urban planning policies, but also socio-economic and ecological issues in many urban regions, have been influenced by this phenomenon. Population growth is the primary cause of cities’ rapid growth; if spatial development of the cities is not controlled and planned, a phenomenon called “spiral city” or “horizontal dispersion” would be the result.
This study aims at more investigation and research into issues like criteria which affect spatial growth and identifying the present spatial form of Ahwaz, keeping in mid the hazardous situation facing this metropolitan city. The major goal of this study is identifying the main factors affecting the spatial growth of this city and identifying the present form of the city through functional indexes. The method is descriptive- analytical. To determine the major criteria influencing Ahwaz growth, Delphi method, FAHP Model, Holdern Model were used. Then Shannon anthropic Model and Amarre Murran Index were used to determine the spatial form of this metropolis during 1996 to 2011, and the statuses in different periods were compared. Experts’ opinions about the most important criterion influencing city’s spatial growth suggest that social (population) factor is the most influential and the results of Holdern Model through 1966 to 2011 shows that population factor is 68 percent determining.
Analysis of and comparison between 1996, 2006, and 2011 periods, using Shannon anthropic, shows that the city is spatially dispersed and through these periods the dispersion level has not been lowered; it has even been increased. Moreover, Murran’s Index for population and extent during this period indicates that the city growth followed random pattern (i.e. intense in some areas, dispersed in others).
 

abstract

The importance of urban environmental issues has never been on the focus than nowadays is. This is because cities are the most important achievements of human’s technological, economic, social and cultural human beings efforts, that has increased in cities commensurate with the rapid growing of urban population and urbanization, resource consumption and environmental emissions as well. So the continuance of such growth in urbanization has created crisis and caused warning of instability, especially with the function and form in the developing countries, including Iran. Today, to preserve the health and sustainability of urban ecosystems, the task of the human beings is reducing the negative effects resulting from the improper use of land in cities through the planning for reducing the rate of entropy and adjusting urban metabolism, cycles of matter and energy and taking into account resource capacity to meet the needs of ecosystems, urban populations. Therefore, deep understanding of the relationship between the city and environment, to solve the environmental problems and optimizing the fusion of multiple natural and human systems and processes is essential. In the present study, an analytical method is applied. The purpose of the present research is evaluation of urban metabolism and its impact on the environmental status of metropolitan of Ahvaz. To achieve the above mentioned goal after introducing of the concept of urban metabolism, initial Indicators was performed in three steps as follows; first, obtaining the findings through the Delphi method, secondly, extracting findings from internal and external research experiences and Phase III the combination of findings in the form of macro-scales. After knowing the scales, considering the goals of the study, the conversion of scales to quantitative values has been done and scales in the framework of weighted indicators AHP, were weighted and prioritized. For the purpose of Spatial analysis of data and values, GIS software has been used. In this regard, the results showed that the most important explanatory criteria for evaluation of urban metabolism are: noise pollution, soil pollution, air pollution, water pollution, industrial pollution and urban waste pollution. On basis of these results, considering the specified criteria, in the weighting phase regarding the different impact factor on the urban metabolism, the weight of expert opinion based on the weighted variance of the desired criteria. The findings of this study indicate that the criteria evaluated by measuring the metabolism of Ahwaz city, the environmental conditions are unstable. Among the evaluated criteria in the urban metabolism, the most important environmental factor in the instability of Ahvaz, is air pollution on the final weight (280 /). The eight areas of Ahwaz in metabolism were evaluated in terms of six criteria, each shares a different contribution in metropolitan of Ahvaz environmental instability. Finally, in relation to the results of the research some strategies have been presented for improving environmental Ahwaz. In this regard, some of the activities aimed to the Social Education to adjust the ways of consumption that are special features of urban life. And other the other part of activities includes planning, unified and integrated management in relation to environmental challenges

Contemporary urbanization and the emergence of cities as places of mass gathering of people and a dense accumulation of capital and assets of the party, And the potential dangers of natural and synthetic (man-made), most of which are on the other hand, in recent years many planners, governments and nations to issue and manage the vulnerability it has attracted. Vulnerability assessment and analysis of the spatial distribution of urban areas to natural hazards and human potential, one of the important strategies that can be effective in managing vulnerability and securing optimal cities. Spatial dimensions, it can be used in applications, especially in terms of vulnerability assessment considered passive defense. Land use is especially vital role in reducing the vulnerability of the population plays As such it could be applications in health care in general and hospitals in particular noted. However, the present study aimed to assess the vulnerability of hospitals in Ahvaz in terms of passive defense is Three hypotheses to examine this issue, non-compliance in hospitals all over the place, passive defense; mismatch distribution between regions and differences in the structural vulnerability of hospitals was introduced. The aim of this study is based, theoretical-practical in nature and, descriptive and analytical. Data collection tools, libraries, and Internet questionnaires for data analysis software (Excel, Arc GIS or Google Earth) has been used. The model used in the fuzzy AHP (FAHP) is a survey of three specialists. In this research hospitals in the city of Ahvaz, the location, spatial distribution and structural characteristics have been studied, and The results indicate that, contrary to the first hypothesis, a place of passive defense in hospitals in Ahvaz were met but the rate is low, which is 29% higher than that for the entire city of Ahvaz. Relevance of the spatial distribution of hospitals in different regions are very different in Ahvaz 3 so that the surplus hospital while eight district hospitals is lacking, The population of the district covering an area of eight (92%) and only 37 percent of its population has been covered. The second hypothesis is confirmed. Structurally, contrary to the third hypothesis is little difference between regions, So All regions of the spectrum, low vulnerability and the vulnerability of Ahwaz also low, averaging 0.269 to be allocated.

The main purpose of Susa impact on the development of agro-industrial companies in the index of economic, social and infrastructure is. The present study is a descriptive - analytic study. Required data using library studies and questionnaires have been collected. The population of the city of Shush, all of which constitute a sample of 384 is selected. The data analysis was performed using SPSS software. t-test results show that the economy is the mean value of 3.12 obtained That out of the 3 which shows there is greater economic impact on the agro-industry company in Shush. Social influence on the mean value obtained is 3.48 which clearly indicates the influence of social medium enterprises in the agro-industrial town of Shuhs. Infrastructure in the mean value obtained is 2.92, which indicates a low impact agro-industrial companies in the field of infrastructure development in the city of Shush.